1. Initial Application Stage

When you first submit your SSDI application:

• Processing Time: On average, it takes 3 to 6 months for the Social Security Administration (SSA) to review and decide on your initial application.
• What Happens: During this stage, the SSA evaluates your work history and forwards your medical information to Virginia Disability Determination Services (DDS) for a detailed review.

2. Reconsideration Stage

If your initial claim is denied:

• Processing Time: The reconsideration appeal process usually takes an additional 2 to 4 months.
• What Happens: Your case is reviewed by a different examiner at DDS, and you can submit new medical evidence to strengthen your claim.

3. Hearing Stage

If reconsideration is also denied, you can request a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ):

• Processing Time: The wait time for a hearing in Virginia averages 8 to 14 months, depending on the backlog at your local Office of Hearings Operations (OHO).
• What Happens: You (and your attorney, if you have one) present your case, submit updated medical records, and testify about how your disability affects your ability to work.

4. Appeals Council and Federal Court

If your claim is denied at the hearing stage:

• Appeals Council Review: Can take 6 months to over a year
• Federal Court: If pursued, may take another year or more

5. Factors That Affect Approval Time

Your case’s timeline may be longer or shorter depending on:

• Completeness of your application and medical evidence
• The nature and severity of your disability
• Backlog at your local SSA field office and DDS office
• How quickly your medical providers respond to record requests

6. Compassionate Allowances

Certain conditions qualify for Compassionate Allowances, which expedite approval to as little as a few weeks. Examples include aggressive cancers, ALS, and certain rare disorders.